MERS-CoV: from 2012 to May 2023, over 2,600 confirmed cases, with a death rate of 36%.
SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19): over 700 million confirmed cases, with over 6 million deaths at global level by August 2023.
Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses. The characteristic surface of a coronavirus virion has a crown-like appearance that can be seen under the electron microscope.
Most coronaviruses infect animals (i.e. bats, birds and mammals), which act as reservoirs and intermediate hosts, but can sometimes change host and infect humans.
There are currently 7 coronaviruses known to infect humans, four of them causing mild-to-moderate disease (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63) and three of them cause more severe and possibly even fatal disease
Coronaviruses are transmitted through the inhalation of or direct contact with respiratory droplets from an infected individual (including aerosols generated through sneezing, coughing, speaking, singing, or breathing).
Symptoms may vary, both in frequency and severity, depending on the variant causing the episode.
Severe COVID-19 disease usually manifests as pneumonia with shortness of breath and pulmonary infiltrates on chest imaging. Other severe complications include thromboembolism circulatory shock, myocardial damage, arrhythmias, and encephalopathy.
MERS-CoV: from 2012 to May 2023, over 2,600 confirmed cases, with a death rate of 36%.
SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19): over 700 million confirmed cases, with over 6 million deaths at global level by August 2023.
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