60% of children infected with HPIV-3 are around 2 years of age, whereas for children around 4 years of age, the rate of HPIV-3 infection increases to up to 80%
Human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza virus 3 (hMPV/PIV3)
General Information
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) commonly cause upper and lower respiratory illnesses in infants, young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems, but anyone can get infected.
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) can cause upper and lower respiratory disease in people of all ages, especially among young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems.
Currently, there is no specific antiviral therapy to treat hMPV and no vaccine to prevent hMPV.
There is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for HPIV illness.
Symptoms
HPIV-3 is more often associated with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
Symptoms commonly associated with hMPV include cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. Clinical symptoms of hMPV infection may progress to bronchitis or pneumonia and are similar to other viruses that cause upper and lower respiratory infections.
Epidemiology
HPIVs are responsible for around 17% hospitalisation in children less than 5 years of age due to acute respiratory tract infection.
It is estimated that 4–16% of acute respiratory tract infections are caused by hMPV.
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